Class & Interface Example
Menu Driven Executable
This is a continuation from the Class & Interface Example so make sure you have completed that before continuing on with this page.
On this page we will develop a simple menu driven console application. It will use the SavingsAccount and CheckingAccount classes and just be able to do debits and credits. To start the two classes should already be in a Console Application project from when we first started. This program will consist of two menus. The first is the type of account they user wants and the second is the debit and credit options. This will show you one of the uses of interfaces. We can have one variable be either a SavingsAccount or CheckingAccount. We will also need two variables for the choices of the two menus and the amount they wish to debit or credit.
The menus will consist of:
Account Type
Create new Savings Account
Create new Checking Account
Exit
Transaction
Display Balance
Credit Account
Debit Account
Create new Account
Exit
Since we will be taking in menu options and amounts frequently lets make two functions: GetChoice and GetAmount. GetChoice will take in a Short that is the maximum choice they can choose. GetAmount will take in a Boolean when True will allow them to enter in a negative amount, when False won't let them enter a negative number. Both will loop until a valid value is entered. For simplicity reasons I won't do any validation of what the user enters so just enter numbers.
After declaring the variables and functions you should have a Module similar to:
Module Module1
Sub Main()
Dim pintAccType As Integer
Dim pintTrans As Integer
Dim pdblAmount As Double
Dim pAccount As IBankAccount
End Sub
Private Function GetChoice(ByVal MaxChoice As Short) As Integer
Dim pintChoice As Integer
Do Until pintChoice > 0 And pintChoice <= MaxChoice
Console.Write("Please enter a choice from 1 to " & MaxChoice.ToString() & ": ")
pintChoice = CInt(Console.ReadLine())
Loop
Return pintChoice
End Function
Private Function GetAmount(ByVal CanBeNegative As Boolean) As Double
Dim pdblAmount As Double
If CanBeNegative Then
Console.Write("Please enter an amount: ")
pdblAmount = CDbl(Console.ReadLine())
Else
pdblAmount = -1
Do Until pdblAmount >= 0
Console.Write("Please enter an amount (not negative): ")
pdblAmount = CDbl(Console.ReadLine())
Loop
End If
Return pdblAmount
End Function
End Module
Now we need to build the first menu which will loop until they exit.
Do Until pintAccType = 3 ' choice 3 is exit
Console.WriteLine ("1. Create new Savings Account" & vbCrLf & _
"2. Create new Checking Account" & vbCrLf & _
"3. Exit")
pintAccType = GetChoice(3)
Select Case pintAccType
Case 1 ' create new savings account
' get starting balance
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
pAccount = New SavingsAccount(pdblAmount)
Case 2 ' create new checking account
pdblAmount = GetAmount(True)
pAccount = New CheckingAccount(pdblAmount)
Case 3 ' exit
Exit Do
End Select
Loop
After the select case we will need another loop that gets the transactions the user wishes to do. It will be structured similar to the first loop.
pintTrans = 0
Do While pintTrans < 4 ' choice 4 and 5 would need to exit the loop
Console.WriteLine ("1. Display Balance" & vbCrLf & _
"2. Do Credit" & vbCrLf & _
"3. Do Debit" & vbCrLf & _
"4. Create new Account" & vbCrLf & _
"5. Exit")
pintTrans = GetChoice(5)
Select Case pintTrans
Case 1 ' display balance
Console.WriteLine ("Your balance is " & pAccount.Balance.ToString())
Case 2 ' do credit
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
pAccount.Credit (pdblAmount)
Case 3 ' do debit
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
If pAccount.Debit(pdblAmount) = False Then
Console.WriteLine ("Your balance is " & pAccount.Balance.ToString() & _
" you cannot take out " & pdblAmount.ToString())
Else
Console.WriteLine ("Debit executed successfully")
End If
Case 4 ' create new account
Exit Do
Case 5 ' exit
pintAccType = 3 ' this is to exit the outer loop
Exit Do
End Select
Loop
Your final code should look similar to:
Module Module1
Sub Main()
Dim pintAccType As Integer
Dim pintTrans As Integer
Dim pdblAmount As Double
Dim pAccount As IBankAccount
Do Until pintAccType = 3 ' choice 3 is exit
Console.WriteLine("1. Create new Savings Account" & vbCrLf & _
"2. Create new Checking Account" & vbCrLf & _
"3. Exit")
pintAccType = GetChoice(3)
Select Case pintAccType
Case 1 ' create new savings account
' get starting balance
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
pAccount = New SavingsAccount(pdblAmount)
Case 2 ' create new checking account
pdblAmount = GetAmount(True)
pAccount = New CheckingAccount(pdblAmount)
Case 3 ' exit
Exit Do
End Select
Do While pintTrans < 4 ' choice 4 and 5 would need to exit the loop
Console.WriteLine("1. Display Balance" & vbCrLf & _
"2. Do Credit" & vbCrLf & _
"3. Do Debit" & vbCrLf & _
"4. Create new Account" & vbCrLf & _
"5. Exit")
pintTrans = GetChoice(5)
Select Case pintTrans
Case 1 ' display balance
Console.WriteLine("Your balance is " & pAccount.Balance.ToString())
Case 2 ' do credit
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
pAccount.Credit(pdblAmount)
Case 3 ' do debit
pdblAmount = GetAmount(False)
If pAccount.Debit(pdblAmount) = False Then
Console.WriteLine("Your balance is " & pAccount.Balance.ToString() & _
" you cannot take out " & pdblAmount.ToString())
Else
Console.WriteLine("Debit executed successfully")
End If
Case 4 ' create new account
Exit Do
Case 5 ' exit
pintAccType = 3 ' this is to exit the outer loop
Exit Do
End Select
Loop
Loop
End Sub
Private Function GetChoice(ByVal MaxChoice As Short) As Integer
Dim pintChoice As Integer
Do Until pintChoice > 0 And pintChoice <= MaxChoice
Console.Write("Please enter a choice from 1 to " & MaxChoice.ToString() & ": ")
pintChoice = CInt(Console.ReadLine())
Loop
Return pintChoice
End Function
Private Function GetAmount(ByVal CanBeNegative As Boolean) As Double
Dim pdblAmount As Double
If CanBeNegative Then
Console.Write("Please enter an amount: ")
pdblAmount = CDbl(Console.ReadLine())
Else
pdblAmount = -1
Do Until pdblAmount >= 0
Console.Write("Please enter an amount (not negative): ")
pdblAmount = CDbl(Console.ReadLine())
Loop
End If
Return pdblAmount
End Function
End Module
Notice that the code in the second loop in Main doesn't change depending on the the type of account. Since both accounts implement the IBankAccount interface they have the necessary properties and methods to act as an account but can do different things in those properties and methods.
Now test the program by starting with a new Savings Account. Give it a balance and try to Debit more than the starting balance. Then Debit and amount less than the starting balance and credit the account with any amount (positive). Create a new Checking Account and give it a balance. Now when you try to Debit more than the starting balance it will allow you and when you display the balance you will see a negative number.
Congratulation you have completed the Class & Interface Example. You may now proceed to the Introduction to Inheritance tutorial.
Author Information:
http://www.programmers-corner.com